This study was carried out to examine the canonical relationship between maternal patience and family functioning with emotional security, cognitive flexibility, and impulsivity in elementary school boys and their mothers in Khorramabad (District 2) during the 2021–2022 academic year. Using a descriptive–correlational design, a sample of 351 participants was selected from a population of 4437 through cluster random sampling. Participants completed standardized questionnaires on maternal patience (Khormā’ee et al., 2014), emotional security (Bruner et al., 2008), children cognitive flexibility (Strang et al., 2017), impulsivity (Barratt, 1995), and family functioning (Epstein et al., 1983). Canonical regression was used to analyze the data. Results indicated that maternal patience and family functioning significantly predicted children's emotional security, cognitive flexibility, and impulsivity (Wilks’ Lambda = 0.02, F = 316.98,   p< 0.0001), with a shared variance of 0.9 between the independent and dependent canonical variables. These findings suggest that maternal patience as a moral virtue, combined with effective family functioning, plays a vital role in promoting children's emotional and cognitive well-being.