The purpose of the present study was to develop and validate the Family Economic Capital Scale (FECS). The statistical population consisted of parents of elementary school students in Yazd during the 2021–2022 academic year. A sample size of 500 was determined using multi-stage cluster sampling, and ultimately 419 individuals completed the questionnaires. The research instrument was a researcher-developed Family Economic Capital Scale; to assess its divergent and convergent validity the Emotion Regulation Difficulties Scale, the Family Social Capital Scale, and the Cultural Capital Scale were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23, and confirmatory factor analysis was performed using AMOS. Exploratory factor analysis showed that the FECS has four main components: employment status, income status, ownership status, and health status. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the four-component model had a good fit. The internal consistency of the FECS was examined and confirmed using Cronbach's alpha. The results indicated convergent validity of the FECS with other forms of human capital (a positive relationship with social and cultural capital) and divergent validity (a negative relationship) with emotion regulation difficulties. Overall, the FECS demonstrates adequate validity and reliability for measuring family economic capital.