The aim of the present study was to determine the effect sizes of the family antecedents and consequences of internet addiction using a meta-analytic approach. In the systematic review process, 77 studies conducted between 2001 and 2021 were identified, of which university professors and experts, after careful review, deemed 46 studies eligible for inclusion. Effective parenting (ES = -0.79), relationship with mother (ES = -0.73), relationship with father (ES = -0.63), family moral intelligence (ES = -0.52), child abuse (ES = 0.52), family functioning (ES = -0.50), family resilience (ES = -0.50), affectionate parenting style (ES = -0.45), authoritative parenting (ES = -0.44), and permissive parenting (ES = 0.42) were identified, respectively, as the strongest antecedents; marital boredom (ES = 0.75), family disintegration (ES = 0.74), instability of shared life (ES = 0.64), life satisfaction (ES = -0.58), emotional divorce (ES = 0.55), marital adjustment (ES = -0.37), marital conflict (ES = 0.35), inclination toward divorce (ES = 0.31), and family functioning (ES = -0.26) were identified, respectively, as the strongest family consequences. Given the heterogeneity across studies, the effect size for simple random sampling was greater than for other sampling methods in studies on antecedents, while convenience sampling predominated in studies on consequences. Internet addiction increases marital boredom, family disintegration, and instability of shared life, and is itself influenced by effective parenting. Accordingly, it is recommended that internet and social media use be managed and that individuals' media literacy be enhanced.