The current study aimed at comparing academic achievement, motivation and self-efficacy of high schools girls based on their mothers’ engagement with children’s learning. The research method was descriptive and causal- comparative. The population of the study comprised all senior high school girls in Birjand in academic year 2014-2015. The sample included 60 students who were selected through multi-stage sampling method. The first phase of data collection was carried out by administering “Perception of Mothers’ Engagement in Children’s Learning” Questionnaire to 180 students. Based on the obtained scores, two groups with lowest and highest scores were chosen and assigned to two sampling groups. In the second phase of data collection, students’ GPAs, Vallerand academic achievement scale, and academic self-efficacy subscale (extracted from Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire) were utilized. The obtained data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups regarding motivation and self-efficacy; however, no difference was observed between the two groups concerning their academic achievement.